Once I believed in Man. I don't believe in him any more.
I had faith in mankind - but no longer.
I thought, said and wrote that my species had a future. I tried hard to believe it, but now I'm certain that the opposite is true: humanity has no future.

Humanity is deaf to people like myself. All I hear is Be Positive.
I keep on fighting for the planet and for mankind without the slightest hope of success. Out of habit. Out of moral necessity. I feel like the musicians on the Titanic who played Nearer, my God to Thee as the water reached their knees.

I feel that I have been failed by humanity as others have been failed by socialism or capitalism.
Like many pessimists, I learned to ape the optimists. For more than thirty years I talked or wrote Positive. I never harboured 'positive' illusions, but I pretended to. At certain times I even committed myself to the possibility of positive virtue in our species - for example in 1972 when the Stockholm Conference launched the U.N. Programme for the Environment, which I thought would be a "foundation" for a harmonious new world. I delivered a cortège of books, articles and interviews praising our sagacity, or, rather, our common sense.

I never believed in this Common Sense. for thirty years I faked my belief in it like a frustrated but loving sexual partner.

The Kyoto Convention, the toothless compromise of 1997, has been stifled by the selfishness of the rich nations - just as the planet is suffocating under an excess of their carbon dioxide emissions.

What is Man ?
According to Plato he is a featherless biped. A chicken with bits of hair. I would add that he is an inveterate destroyer, a ravager, a sacker of the planet with only the craving for short-term gain in his overdeveloped brain - a danger to all living creatures including himself.

According to Aristotle he is a political animal with the gift of speech.
Rabelais defined Man as the laughing species.
For Hobbes, "man is wolf to man".
Kant described him as the judging species. Marx declared him to be the labouring species. Bergson complimented him as the creative species. Freud claimed that he was veiled in an Unconscious and plethora of ridiculous complexes.

For the sociologist, Man is a gregarious species like the ant or the rat. For the monotheisms, he is the only creature which God endowed with an immortal soul, the only creature made in His own image. In which case, in grim paradox, God initiated his own suicide - a death heralded by Nietzsche.

They have made a desert - and called it Peace.
- Tacitus, Life of Agricola

Papua: the last of the wildernesses. Full of marvellous plants and strange, exotic, 'primitive' people.
I went to the Sepik Valley with Jacques Cousteau, but found no prelapsarian idyll. The indigenous people painted themselves - but only for festivals. Normally they wore old tee-shirts in the colours of Manchester United, and tattered shorts advertising the Chicago Bulls. On their feet were old Nike or Adidas trainers thrown out by Europeans or North Americans.

"Primitive" communities have been destroyed by four disasters combined: ethnic cleansing, European diseases, the Market Economy, and the destruction of the environment. We, 'civilised' and 'enlightened' people, destroyed them with these weapons as well as by outright murder. The head-hunters now languish in shanty-towns and drink themselves to oblivion. If only we had been head-hunters, they would have had a respectable demise!

Borneo: Here orang-utans could travel at speed along the forest canopy for hundreds of miles. Now they are isolated into little refuges. Forty percent of the forest has already been laid waste by fire and power-saw, empty and smouldering. The mangrove swamps have been uprooted to make way for shrimp fisheries - which fail because the shrimp-food was removed with the mangroves.

Papua: the Papuans have been removed, because oil has been discovered. It powers our vehicles and provides our plastic bags. The summit of Mount Jaya - more than 5,000 metres high - has one of the few glaciers in the tropics. It is melting. The whole side of the mountain has been gouged out for its gold and copper. A few Papuans work in the mines for 10 hours a day. They have no right to the land they once occupied for at least 60,000 years. We, the 'civilised', the 'people of progress', invented land-rights and dispossessed them. In doing so we have dispossessed ourselves of this beautiful planet.
"Property is theft", wrote Proudhon, one of our few men of truth. And capitalim is rape, murder, genocide and unbelievable pollution.

China: in twenty years time the rampant economy and population of China (if that country has not split up like the Soviet Union) will be consuming more water than the entire rainfall and diminishing glaciers of Asia can provide, more petroleum than currently is known to exist in the world, and more paper than all the forests and recycled stuff of the world can produce.

The North Sea: fishless, scraped to marine desert by our trawlers so that we can eat ocean fish whenever we like, even in Switzerland and Hungary.

The Aral Sea: need I go on ?

The impending Water Wars...

All humans are born equal - except most of them.

An ever-growing number of us are deprived of fresh water, food, and what we would call the most basic necessities. This is "progress" ?

We let our fellow-creatures in Haiti and Malawi, Mali and Somalia rot from starvation and disease. AIDS, cholera, malaria, TB, sleeping-sickness, trichosomiasis, elephantiasis and so on. We refuse them our treatments because of the watertight reason that they can't pay for them. What they labour hard for in a month wouldn't pay for a day's drugs. Meanwhile fill the Swiss bank-accounts of their rulers so that we can continue to raid and rape their countries for wood, minerals, oil - and the crops (cotton, coffee, cocoa, etc.) that they grow entirely for our benefit.

Each of us is composed of sixty billion molecules and an astounding quantity of selfishness.

Man is the cancer of the world, evolution turned tumour. We proceed crabwise towards our destruction, which we call 'progress'.

Man is not stupid (after all, he is the only animal capable of symbolic and analytical thought) but he is self-stupefying. Civilisation is a powerful tool for our stupefaction. So is war.

Man's principal stupefiers are not opiates, or alcohol, or even sugar - but sex, territory and self-advancement.
The degree of encouragement for sex depends entirely upon social and religious mores. Sexual experimentation is generally restricted, and Western pseudo-science has nicely divided the erotic into hetero- and homo-sexual, to make it easier for the repressive-obsessives to limit it.

On the other hand, territory-grabbing and status-achieving are encouraged with medals, rolls of honour, biographies and legends. Those who have no interest in self-advancement, territory or expansion of territory are derided, abused as Gypsies, Primitives and Indigents, Layabouts and Leeches.

...talking of religion, the only Biblical injunction obeyed by man is the terrible one delivered by God after he had Created the world and then made the mistake of creating us smugly, allegedly in his own image: "Go forth and multiply upon the Earth!"

Jonathan Swift's notorious Modest Proposal suggested cannibalism as a solution to overpopulation in Ireland. Of course, capitalism is a particularly nasty cannibulimia, an Ourobolos which will keep going until the very last swindle. The whole world is now Ireland, from Ireland to New Ireland. We - Homo proliferens - breed like flies. Unlike flies we kill each other by the million - and don't even eat unwanted babies, let alone those we slaughter in countries where famines rage, and precious oil, ores and trees are there for the taking amongst the rotting corpses.

I alas! deposited four on a planet which did not need them. Rather quickly, too, since two of them were twins. To inseminate my wife was the stupidest thing I did in a life which has not lacked stupidity.

I look forward to my death. Age has released me from the sex-addiction. Death will release me from a far greater burden, and will, I hope, nourish the worms that survive whatever holocaust we unleash, fast or slow. If I am cremated - or incinerated - I want my ashes to be cast into the stream where I played and had so much joy. Some molecules will pass, perhaps, into mud-worms, which will be eaten by trout. Some will nourish water-lilies and turn into nectar for the bees. Some will end up in the ocean, and I will be everything that Mankind is not.

Kenneth E. Boulding's "Dismal Theorems"*

First Theorem: "The Dismal Theorem"

If the only ultimate check on the growth of population is misery, then the population will grow until it is miserable enough to stop its growth.

Second Theorem: "The Utterly Dismal Theorem"

Any technical improvement can only relieve misery for a while, for so long as misery is the only check on population, the improvement will enable population to grow, and will soon enable more people to live in misery than before. The final result of improvements, therefore, is to increase the equilibrium population which is to increase the total sum of human misery.

Third Theorem: "The moderately cheerful form of the Dismal Theorem"

Fortunately, it is not too difficult to restate the Dismal Theorem in a moderately cheerful form: if something else, other then misery and starvation, can be found which will keep a prosperous population in check, the population does not have to grow until it is miserable and starves, and it can be stably prosperous.

*K. Boulding, in Collected Papers [by] Kenneth E. Boulding, Vol. 2, Colorado Associated U. Press, Boulder, CO (1971), p. 137.